RestTemplate 使用总结
场景:
认证服务器需要有个 http client 把前端发来的请求转发到 backend service, 然后把 backend service 的结果再返回给前端，服务器本身只做认证功能。
遇到的问题:
长连接以保证高性能。RestTemplate 本身也是一个 wrapper 其底层默认是 SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory ，如果要保证长连接， HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory 是个更好的选择，它不仅可以控制能够建立的连接数还能细粒度的控制到某个 server 的连接数，非常方便。在默认情况下，RestTemplate 到某个 server 的最大连接数只有 2， 一般需要调的更高些，最好等于 server 的 CPU 个数
access_token 不应传到 backend service. backend service 之间通信不需要 token，因为到这些服务的请求都是已经认证过的，是可信赖的用户发出的请求。因此转发请求时要把 parameter 从 request url 中删掉。删除 parameter 说难不难，说简单其实还有点麻烦，网上有一个 UrlEncodedQueryString 可以参考下，它封装了很多函数，其中就包括从url 中摘掉指定 header
请求的 HttpMethod 问题。 HttpMethod 有很多种，http client 不应该对每种 Http method 都单独处理，所以应选用 RestTemplate 的 exchange 方法。exchange 方法要求给出 RequestBody 参数，而对于 Get 请求，这部分往往为空，所以我们要在 controller 中声明 @RequestBody(required = false) String body
exchange 的返回值和 controller 的返回值。Restful API 一般都是返回 json 的，所以最简单的是 exchange 和 controller 直接返回 String，但是返回 String 会有很多问题: 首先是如果某些 API 返回的是图片，那么这个 client 就傻掉了，需要为图片接口专门写 API，此外如果 backend service 返回的是 Gzip，那么此 client 必须对 gzip 先解压缩再返回请求者，如果不解压缩的话，相当于对着 gzip 数据做了到 String 类型的强制转换，使得请求者拿到的数据无法解析，所以最好的返回值是 byte[]。对于那种比较大的 json 返回值，省去了对 String 的类型转换后还能带来很大的性能提升
关于返回值是 byte[] 还是 ResponseEntity
Spring Boot忽略https证书：No subject alternative names present
springboot--resttemplate访问https请求
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
public class HttpClientUtils {
public static CloseableHttpClient acceptsUntrustedCertsHttpClient() throws KeyStoreException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
HttpClientBuilder b = HttpClientBuilder.create();
// setup a Trust Strategy that allows all certificates.
//
SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
@Override
public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
}).build();
b.setSSLContext(sslContext);
// don't check Hostnames, either.
// -- use SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getDefaultHostnameVerifier(), if you don't want to weaken
HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE;
// here's the special part:
// -- need to create an SSL Socket Factory, to use our weakened "trust strategy";
// -- and create a Registry, to register it.
//
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslSocketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, hostnameVerifier);
Registry
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory())
.register("https", sslSocketFactory)
.build();
// now, we create connection-manager using our Registry.
// -- allows multi-threaded use
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connMgr = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager( socketFactoryRegistry);
connMgr.setMaxTotal(200);
connMgr.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(100);
b.setConnectionManager( connMgr);
// finally, build the HttpClient;
// -- done!
CloseableHttpClient client = b.build();
return client;
}
}
SpringBoot启动类添加配置
在启动类上配置RestTemplate(因为启动类也是配置类,比较方便)
@Bean
public RestTemplate httpsRestTemplate(HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpsFactory) {
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(httpsFactory);
restTemplate.setErrorHandler(
new ResponseErrorHandler() {
@Override
public boolean hasError(ClientHttpResponse clientHttpResponse) {
return false;
}
@Override
public void handleError(ClientHttpResponse clientHttpResponse) {
// 默认处理非200的返回，会抛异常
}
});
return restTemplate;
}
@Bean(name = "httpsFactory")
public HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory()
throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientUtils.acceptsUntrustedCertsHttpClient();
HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpsFactory =
new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(httpClient);
httpsFactory.setReadTimeout(40000);
httpsFactory.setConnectTimeout(40000);
return httpsFactory;
}
不出意外就可以愉快的访问https请求了!
--------------------- 作者：别浪呀 来源：CSDN 原文：https://blog.csdn.net/adminBfl/article/details/84819735 版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17619871/access-https-rest-service-using-spring-resttemplate前面我们介绍了如何使用Apache的HttpClient发送HTTP请求,这里我们介绍Spring的Rest客户端(即:RestTemplate)如何发送HTTP、HTTPS请求。注:HttpClient如何发送HTTPS请求,有机会的话也会再给出示例。
声明:本人一些内容摘录自其他朋友的博客，链接在本文末给出！
基础知识 微服务都是以HTTP接口的形式暴露自身服务的，因此在调用远程服务时就必须使用HTTP客户端。我们可以使用JDK原生的URLConnection、Apache的Http Client、Netty的异步HTTP Client,最方便、最优雅的Feign, Spring的RestTemplate等。
RestTemplate简述 RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务(Rest风格、Rest架构)的客户端。
RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。
调用RestTemplate的默认构造函数，RestTemplate对象在底层通过使用java.net包下的实现创建HTTP 请求;我们也可以通过使用ClientHttpRequestFactory指定不同的请求方式:
ClientHttpRequestFactory接口主要提供了两种实现方式:
1.常用的一种是SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory，使用J2SE提供的方式（既java.net包提供的方式）创建底层 的Http请求连接。
2.常用的另一种方式是使用HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory方式，底层使用HttpClient访问远程的 Http服务，使用HttpClient可以配置连接池和证书等信息。
软硬件环境: Windows10、Eclipse、JDK1.8、SpringBoot
准备工作:引入相关依赖
HTTP之GET请求(示例)
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
/**
* 单元测试
*
* @author JustryDeng
* @DATE 2018年9月7日 下午6:37:05
*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class AbcHttpsTestApplicationTests {
/**
* RestTemplate 发送 HTTP GET请求 --- 测试
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*
* @date 2018年7月13日 下午4:18:50
*/
@Test
public void doHttpGetTest() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
// -------------------------------> 获取Rest客户端实例
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
// -------------------------------> 解决(响应数据可能)中文乱码 的问题
List
converterList.remove(1); // 移除原来的转换器
// 设置字符编码为utf-8
HttpMessageConverter converter = new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
converterList.add(1, converter); // 添加新的转换器(注:convert顺序错误会导致失败)
restTemplate.setMessageConverters(converterList);
// -------------------------------> (选择性设置)请求头信息
// HttpHeaders实现了MultiValueMap接口
HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
// 给请求header中添加一些数据
httpHeaders.add("JustryDeng", "这是一个大帅哥!");
// -------------------------------> 注:GET请求 创建HttpEntity时,请求体传入null即可
// 请求体的类型任选即可;只要保证 请求体 的类型与HttpEntity类的泛型保持一致即可
String httpBody = null;
HttpEntity
// -------------------------------> URI
StringBuffer paramsURL = new StringBuffer("http://127.0.0.1:9527/restTemplate/doHttpGet");
// 字符数据最好encoding一下;这样一来，某些特殊字符才能传过去(如:flag的参数值就是“&”,不encoding的话,传不过去)
paramsURL.append("?flag=" + URLEncoder.encode("&", "utf-8"));
URI uri = URI.create(paramsURL.toString());
// -------------------------------> 执行请求并返回结果
// 此处的泛型 对应 响应体数据 类型;即:这里指定响应体的数据装配为String
ResponseEntity
restTemplate.exchange(uri, HttpMethod.GET, httpEntity, String.class);
// -------------------------------> 响应信息
//响应码,如:401、302、404、500、200等
System.err.println(response.getStatusCodeValue());
Gson gson = new Gson();
// 响应头
System.err.println(gson.toJson(response.getHeaders()));
// 响应体
if(response.hasBody()) {
System.err.println(response.getBody());
}
}
}
被http请求的对应的方法逻辑为:
注:我们也可以使用@RequestHeader()来获取到请求头中的数据信息,如:
结果(效果)展示
1.进行HTTP请求的方法获得响应后输出结果为:
2.被HTTP请求的方法被请求后的输出结果为:
HTTP之POST请求(示例)
/**
* RestTemplate 发送 HTTP POST请求 --- 测试
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*
* @date 2018年9月8日 下午2:12:50
*/
@Test
public void doHttpPostTest() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
// -------------------------------> 获取Rest客户端实例
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
// -------------------------------> 解决(响应数据可能)中文乱码 的问题
List
converterList.remove(1); // 移除原来的转换器
// 设置字符编码为utf-8
HttpMessageConverter converter = new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
converterList.add(1, converter); // 添加新的转换器(注:convert顺序错误会导致失败)
restTemplate.setMessageConverters(converterList);
// -------------------------------> (选择性设置)请求头信息
// HttpHeaders实现了MultiValueMap接口
HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
// 设置contentType
httpHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
// 给请求header中添加一些数据
httpHeaders.add("JustryDeng", "这是一个大帅哥!");
// ------------------------------->将请求头、请求体数据，放入HttpEntity中
// 请求体的类型任选即可;只要保证 请求体 的类型与HttpEntity类的泛型保持一致即可
// 这里手写了一个json串作为请求体 数据 (实际开发时,可使用fastjson、gson等工具将数据转化为json串)
String httpBody = "{\"motto\":\"唉呀妈呀！脑瓜疼！\"}";
HttpEntity
// -------------------------------> URI
StringBuffer paramsURL = new StringBuffer("http://127.0.0.1:9527/restTemplate/doHttpPost");
// 字符数据最好encoding一下;这样一来，某些特殊字符才能传过去(如:flag的参数值就是“&”,不encoding的话,传不过去)
paramsURL.append("?flag=" + URLEncoder.encode("&", "utf-8"));
URI uri = URI.create(paramsURL.toString());
// -------------------------------> 执行请求并返回结果
// 此处的泛型 对应 响应体数据 类型;即:这里指定响应体的数据装配为String
ResponseEntity
restTemplate.exchange(uri, HttpMethod.POST, httpEntity, String.class);
// -------------------------------> 响应信息
//响应码,如:401、302、404、500、200等
System.err.println(response.getStatusCodeValue());
Gson gson = new Gson();
// 响应头
System.err.println(gson.toJson(response.getHeaders()));
// 响应体
if(response.hasBody()) {
System.err.println(response.getBody());
}
}
被http请求的对应的方法逻辑为:
注:我们也可以使用@RequestHeader()来获取到请求头中的数据信息,如:
结果(效果)展示
进行HTTP请求的方法获得响应后输出结果为:
被HTTP请求的方法被请求后的输出结果为:
HTTPS请求的准备工作HTTPS请求 = 超文本传输协议HTTP + 安全套接字层SSL。
先给出等下需要用到的一个SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory的实现类
/**
* 声明:此代码摘录自https://blog.csdn.net/wltsysterm/article/details/80977455
* 声明:关于Socket的相关知识,本人会在后面的闲暇时间进行学习整理,请持续关注博客更新
*
* @author JustryDeng
* @DATE 2018年9月8日 下午4:34:02
*/
public class HttpsClientRequestFactory extends SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory {
@Override
protected void prepareConnection(HttpURLConnection connection, String httpMethod) {
try {
if (!(connection instanceof HttpsURLConnection)) {
throw new RuntimeException("An instance of HttpsURLConnection is expected");
}
HttpsURLConnection httpsConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) connection;
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{
new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
}
};
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
sslContext.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
httpsConnection.setSSLSocketFactory(new MyCustomSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory()));
httpsConnection.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
@Override
public boolean verify(String s, SSLSession sslSession) {
return true;
}
});
super.prepareConnection(httpsConnection, httpMethod);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* We need to invoke sslSocket.setEnabledProtocols(new String[] {"SSLv3"});
* see http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/documentation/cve-2014-3566-2342133.html (Java 8 section)
*/
// SSLSocketFactory用于创建 SSLSockets
private static class MyCustomSSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {
private final SSLSocketFactory delegate;
public MyCustomSSLSocketFactory(SSLSocketFactory delegate) {
this.delegate = delegate;
}
// 返回默认启用的密码套件。除非一个列表启用，对SSL连接的握手会使用这些密码套件。
// 这些默认的服务的最低质量要求保密保护和服务器身份验证
@Override
public String[] getDefaultCipherSuites() {
return delegate.getDefaultCipherSuites();
}
// 返回的密码套件可用于SSL连接启用的名字
@Override
public String[] getSupportedCipherSuites() {
return delegate.getSupportedCipherSuites();
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final Socket socket, final String host, final int port,
final boolean autoClose) throws IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final String host, final int port) throws IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(host, port);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final String host, final int port, final InetAddress localAddress,
final int localPort) throws
IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(host, port, localAddress, localPort);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final InetAddress host, final int port) throws IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(host, port);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final InetAddress host, final int port, final InetAddress localAddress,
final int localPort) throws
IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(host, port, localAddress, localPort);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
private Socket overrideProtocol(final Socket socket) {
if (!(socket instanceof SSLSocket)) {
throw new RuntimeException("An instance of SSLSocket is expected");
}
((SSLSocket) socket).setEnabledProtocols(new String[]{"TLSv1"});
return socket;
}
}
}
HTTPS之GET请求说明:RestTemplate发送HTTPS与发送HTTP的代码,除了在创建RestTemplate时不一样以及协议不一样 (一个URL是http开头,一个是https开头)外,其余的都一样。
HTTP获取RestTemplate实例
HTTPS获取RestTemplate实例
给出具体HTTPS发送GET请求代码示例(HTTPS发送POST请求类比即可)
注:HTTPS与HTTP的使用不同之处,在途中已经圈出了。
注:上图中请求的https://tcc.taobao.com/cc/json/mobile_tel_segment.htm是阿里提供的一个简单查询手机信息的地址。
运行该主函数，控制台打印出的结果为:
注:如果用HTTP协议开头的URL去访问HTTPS开头的URL的话(这两个URL除了协议不同其它都相同),是访问不了的;除非服 务端有相应的设置。
注:发送HTTPS的逻辑代码是可以拿来发送HTTP的。但是根据我们写得HttpsClientRequestFactory类中的代码可知,会打 印出异常(异常抛出后被catch了):
如果用HTTPS访问HTTP时不想抛出异常,那么把对应的这个逻辑去掉即可。
提示:“发送HTTPS的逻辑代码是可以拿来发送HTTP的”这句话的意思是:拿来做发HTTPS请求的逻辑,可以复用来作发HTTP请 求的逻辑。并不是说说一个API能被HTTPS协议的URL访问,就一定能被HTTP协议的URL访问。
HTTPS之GET请求注:关于HTTPS这里只给出了一个GET示例,使用HTTPS进行POST请求也是与HTTP进行POST请求也只是创建 RestTemplate实例和协议不一样，其余的都一样;类比GET即可,这里就不再给出示例了。
参考链接、摘录内容出处 https://www.cnblogs.com/duanxz/p/3510622.html https://blog.csdn.net/wltsysterm/article/details/80977455 https://blog.csdn.net/zhoumengshun/article/details/79100053如有不当之处，欢迎指正本次示例测试代码项目托管链接 https://github.com/JustryDeng/PublicRepository本文已经被收录进《程序员成长笔记(三)》，笔者JustryDeng--------------------- 作者：justry_deng 来源：CSDN 原文：https://blog.csdn.net/justry_deng/article/details/82531306 版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！
spring boot resttemplate 使用及支持https协议RestTemplate 使用添加httpclient依赖
配置类
package net.fanci.stars.config;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author xxx
* @create 2018/06/28 15:32
* @description RestTemplate配置类:
* 1.将 HttpClient 作为 RestTemplate 的实现,添加 httpclient 依赖即可
* 2.设置响应类型和内容类型
*/
@Configuration
public class RestConfiguration {
@Autowired
private RestTemplateBuilder builder;
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return builder
.additionalMessageConverters(new WxMappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter())
.build();
}
class WxMappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter extends MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter {
WxMappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter() {
List
MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN,
MediaType.TEXT_HTML,
MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8
);
setSupportedMediaTypes(mediaTypes);// tag6
}
}
}
使用方法（如：通过微信code获取token信息）
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
/**
* 获取access_token的完整信息
*
* @param code
* @return
*/
@Override
public WechatAuthAccesstoken getWechatAuthAccesstoken(String code) {
String url = ACCESS_TOKEN_URL + "appid=" + wechatData.getAppID() +
"&secret=" + wechatData.getAppsecret() +
"&code=" + code +
"&grant_type=authorization_code";
// com.alibaba.fastjson
JSONObject jsonObject = restTemplate.getForObject(url, JSONObject.class);
WechatAuthAccesstoken wechatAuthAccesstoken = new WechatAuthAccesstoken();
if (jsonObject != null) {
wechatAuthAccesstoken.setId(PayUtil.genUniqueKey());
wechatAuthAccesstoken.setCreatedDate(DateTime.now().toDate());
wechatAuthAccesstoken.setModifiedDate(DateTime.now().toDate());
wechatAuthAccesstoken.setAccessToken((String) jsonObject.get("access_token"));
DateTime now = DateTime.now();
DateTime expired = now.plusSeconds((Integer) jsonObject.get("expires_in"));
wechatAuthAccesstoken.setExpires(expired.toDate());
wechatAuthAccesstoken.setRefreshToken(jsonObject.getString("refresh_token"));
wechatAuthAccesstoken.setOpenid((String) jsonObject.get("openid"));
wechatAuthAccesstoken.setScope(jsonObject.getString("scope"));
int isOk = tokenMapper.insert(wechatAuthAccesstoken);
if (isOk > 0) {
logger.info("本地存储access_token信息成功");
return wechatAuthAccesstoken;
} else {
logger.error("本地存储access_token信息失败");
}
} else {
logger.error("获取access_token信息失败");
}
return null;
}
https支持配置类
import org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
/**
* @author xxx
* @create 2018/07/16 11:41
* @description 创建 HttpsClientRequestFactory 以支持 RestTemplate 调用 https 请求
*/
public class HttpsClientRequestFactory extends SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory {
@Override
protected void prepareConnection(HttpURLConnection connection, String httpMethod) {
try {
if (!(connection instanceof HttpsURLConnection)) {
throw new RuntimeException("An instance of HttpsURLConnection is expected");
}
HttpsURLConnection httpsConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) connection;
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{
new X509TrustManager() {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
}
};
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
sslContext.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
httpsConnection.setSSLSocketFactory(new MyCustomSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory()));
httpsConnection.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
@Override
public boolean verify(String s, SSLSession sslSession) {
return true;
}
});
super.prepareConnection(httpsConnection, httpMethod);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* We need to invoke sslSocket.setEnabledProtocols(new String[] {"SSLv3"});
* see http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/documentation/cve-2014-3566-2342133.html (Java 8 section)
*/
private static class MyCustomSSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {
private final SSLSocketFactory delegate;
public MyCustomSSLSocketFactory(SSLSocketFactory delegate) {
this.delegate = delegate;
}
@Override
public String[] getDefaultCipherSuites() {
return delegate.getDefaultCipherSuites();
}
@Override
public String[] getSupportedCipherSuites() {
return delegate.getSupportedCipherSuites();
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final Socket socket, final String host, final int port, final boolean autoClose) throws IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final String host, final int port) throws IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(host, port);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final String host, final int port, final InetAddress localAddress, final int localPort) throws
IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(host, port, localAddress, localPort);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final InetAddress host, final int port) throws IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(host, port);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(final InetAddress host, final int port, final InetAddress localAddress, final int localPort) throws
IOException {
final Socket underlyingSocket = delegate.createSocket(host, port, localAddress, localPort);
return overrideProtocol(underlyingSocket);
}
private Socket overrideProtocol(final Socket socket) {
if (!(socket instanceof SSLSocket)) {
throw new RuntimeException("An instance of SSLSocket is expected");
}
((SSLSocket) socket).setEnabledProtocols(new String[]{"TLSv1"});
return socket;
}
}
}
使用类
String message = null;
String url = "https://ip:port/xxx";
RestTemplate restTemplateHttps = new RestTemplate(new HttpsClientRequestFactory());
List
StringHttpMessageConverter stringHttpMessageConverter = new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
messageConverters.add(stringHttpMessageConverter);
restTemplateHttps.setMessageConverters(messageConverters);
ResponseEntity
if (responseEntity != null && responseEntity.getStatusCodeValue() == 200) {
message = responseEntity.getBody();
}
离殇一曲与谁眠： 要依赖有什么用全是JDK和springboot自带的包--------------------- 作者：uanei 来源：CSDN 原文：https://blog.csdn.net/u013469944/article/details/84193792 版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！
1. 为什么使用HttpClient?
一开始其实是考虑使用RestTemplate的,但遇到的难题自然是SSL认证以及NTLM的认证.以目前的RestTemplate还做不到NTLM认证.而且使用SSL认证的过程也是挺复杂的. 复杂的是:居然还是要借助HttpClient .
@Bean
public RestTemplate buildRestTemplate(List
HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new
HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();
factory.setConnectionRequestTimeout(requestTimeout);
factory.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);
factory.setReadTimeout(readTimeout);
// https
SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, (X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) -> true);
SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build(), new String[]{"SSLv2Hello", "SSLv3", "TLSv1", "TLSv1.2"}, null, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
Registry
.register("http", new PlainConnectionSocketFactory())
.register("https", socketFactory).build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager phccm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);
phccm.setMaxTotal(200);
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(socketFactory).setConnectionManager(phccm).setConnectionManagerShared(true).build();
factory.setHttpClient(httpClient);
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(factory);
List
for (CustomHttpRequestInterceptor i : interceptors) {
ClientHttpRequestInterceptor interceptor = i;
clientInterceptorList.add(interceptor);
}
restTemplate.setInterceptors(clientInterceptorList);
return restTemplate;
}
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2. 为什么要绕过SSL认证?
至于为什么要绕过SSL认证,因为装证书的这些操作我并不会.同时也想试试能不能忽略这个证书认证调用接口.
首先如果想绕过证书,都必先创建X509TrustManager这个对象并且重写它的方法.
X509TrustManager该接口是一个用于Https的证书信任管理器,我们可以在这里添加我们的证书,让该管理器知道我们有那些证书是可以信任的.
该接口会有三个方法:
void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str)
void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str)
X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers()
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第一个方法checkClientTrusted.该方法检查客户端的证书，若不信任该证书则抛出异常。由于我们不需要对客户端进行认证，因此我们只需要执行默认的信任管理器的这个方法。JSSE中，默认的信任管理器类为TrustManager。
第二个方法checkServerTrusted.该方法检查 服务器 的证书，若不信任该证书同样抛出异常。通过自己实现该方法，可以使之信任我们指定的任何证书。在实现该方法时，也可以简单的不做任何处理，即一个空的函数体，由于不会抛出异常，它就会信任任何证书。
第三个方法getAcceptedIssusers,返回受信任的X509证书数组。
而我们只需要重写这三个方法,并且不需要修改里面的内容.然后再交给HttpClient就可以实现绕过SSL认证了.
X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.SSL);
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null);
//生成工厂
SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(ctx, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
//并注册到HttpClient中
Registry
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", socketFactory).build();
HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connectionManager);
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();
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回顾一下步骤:
创建X509TrustManager对象并重写方法.
创建SSLContext实例,并交到工厂管理.
注册到HttpClient中.通过ConnectionManager最后生成httpClient.
3. 什么是NTLM?
NTLM是NT LAN Manager的缩写，这也说明了协议的来源。NTLM 是 Windows NT 早期版本的标准安全协议，Windows 2000 支持 NTLM 是为了保持向后兼容。Windows 2000内置三种基本安全协议之一。
NTLM的原理
NTLM的工作原理描述
其实我对这个了解得不是很深,因为遇上这种情况的感觉不会很多,所以网上的资源也不太多. 这里只是针对HttpClient遇上NTLM认证的情况详细描述一下.有兴趣的朋友可以通过以上的链接了解下.
4. 如何使用HttpClient进行NTLM认证?
这个查阅了官网的文档.官网也给出了解决方案.
hc.apache.org/httpcompone…
需要把这几个类编写一下.
JCIFSEngine:
public final class JCIFSEngine implements NTLMEngine {
private static final int TYPE_1_FLAGS =
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_56 |
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_128 |
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_NTLM2 |
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_ALWAYS_SIGN |
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_REQUEST_TARGET;
@Override
public String generateType1Msg(final String domain, final String workstation) throws NTLMEngineException {
final Type1Message type1Message = new Type1Message(TYPE_1_FLAGS, domain, workstation);
return Base64.encode(type1Message.toByteArray());
}
@Override
public String generateType3Msg(final String username, final String password,
final String domain, final String workstation, final String challenge)
throws NTLMEngineException {
Type2Message type2Message;
try {
type2Message = new Type2Message(Base64.decode(challenge));
} catch (final IOException exception) {
throw new NTLMEngineException("Invalid NTLM type 2 message", exception);
}
final int type2Flags = type2Message.getFlags();
final int type3Flags = type2Flags
& (0xffffffff ^ (NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_TARGET_TYPE_DOMAIN | NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_TARGET_TYPE_SERVER));
final Type3Message type3Message = new Type3Message(type2Message, password, domain,
username, workstation, type3Flags);
return Base64.encode(type3Message.toByteArray());
}
}
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JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory:
public class JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory implements AuthSchemeProvider {
public AuthScheme create(final HttpContext context){
return new NTLMScheme(new JCIFSEngine());
}
}
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最后就在HttpClient注册:
Registry
.register(AuthSchemes.NTLM, new JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.BASIC, new BasicSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.DIGEST, new DigestSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.SPNEGO, new SPNegoSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.KERBEROS, new KerberosSchemeFactory())
.build();
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
.setDefaultAuthSchemeRegistry(authSchemeRegistry)
.build();
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最后就同时使用绕过SSL验证以及NTLM验证:
private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager;
private static RequestConfig requestConfig;
private static Registry
private static Registry
private static CredentialsProvider credsProvider;
public void init() {
try {
X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
};
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.SSL);
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null);
SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(ctx, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
NTCredentials creds = new NTCredentials("用户名", "密码", "工作站(workstation)", "域名");
credsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
credsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, creds);
socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", socketFactory).build();
connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
connectionManager.setMaxTotal(18);
connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(6);
requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setSocketTimeout(30000)
.setConnectTimeout(30000)
.build();
authSchemeRegistry = RegistryBuilder.
.register(AuthSchemes.NTLM, new JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.BASIC, new BasicSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.DIGEST, new DigestSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.SPNEGO, new SPNegoSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.KERBEROS, new KerberosSchemeFactory())
.build();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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以上就是本文的全部内容，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助，也希望大家多多支持 码农网
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